Ishiti lentsimbi elicwecwe ngenkcenkce kunye ne-Wuxi chrome plated sheet sheet (emva koku ebizwa ngokuba yi-tinplate ukuba akukho mahluko ukhethekileyo) ziintsimbi zesikhongozeli eziqhelekileyo.Ngo-2021, imfuno yehlabathi jikelele ye-tinplate iya kuba malunga ne-16.41 yezigidi zeetoni (iiyunithi ze-metric zisetyenziswa kwisicatshulwa).Ngenxa yokuncitshiswa kunye nokhuphiswano lwezinye izinto, ukusetyenziswa kwe-tinplate kumazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla (efana neJapan, iSouth Korea, i-United States, iCanada, i-European Union, njl. ulwenzile kwaye wakugqitha oku kuhla.Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwehlabathi jikelele kwe-tinplate kukhula ngesantya se-2% ngonyaka.Ngo-2021, imveliso yehlabathi ye-tinplate iya kuba malunga ne-23 yezigidi zeetoni.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ukwanda komthamo wemveliso waseTshayina kulindeleke ukuba kudlule ukukhula kwemfuno yasekhaya, abantu banexhala lokuba umsantsa phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno uya kwanda ngakumbi.Okwangoku, imfuno yaseJapan yonyaka yetinplate imalunga neetoni ezingama-900000, malunga nesiqingatha sencopho ngowe-1991.
Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi engasentla, kubaluleke kakhulu kubenzi be-tinplate baseJapan bagcine ukukhuphisana kweemveliso zabo ngokuchasene nezinye izinto zesikhongozeli (ezifana ne-polyethylene terephthalate kunye ne-aluminiyam) kwimarike yasekhaya.Kule njongo, kufuneka baphucule ukusebenza kweetanki zetsimbi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ngokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nabavelisi beetanki.Kwimarike yaphesheya, kubalulekile ukuba basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu obuqokelelweyo kwaye bukhuthazwe kwimarike yasekhaya ukwahlula iimveliso zabo kwezo bakhuphisana nabo, kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kwabo ngentsebenziswano ethe nkqo kunye nabavelisi betoti.
Ukongeza, i-nickel plated sheet sheet ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iqokobhe lebhetri.Kule ntsimi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abavelisi baphendule ngokuchanekileyo kwiimfuno zabasebenzisi.Abavelisi be-tinplate baseJapan ngokuqinisekileyo banokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zingasentla ngokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ukuqokelela kwabo itekhnoloji kwintsimi ye-tinplate kwiminyaka edlulileyo.
Eli phepha liphonononga iimpawu zentengiso yezixhobo zekhonteyina ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe eJapan, kwaye icacisa iimfuno zobugcisa ekufuneka amashishini ahlangabezane nazo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweetoti zokutya ze-tinplate eJapan kulinganiselwe
Kumazwe amaninzi aphesheya kweelwandle, i-tinplate idla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza iinkonkxa zokutya, iitoti zobisi kunye neminqwazi yebhotile enyibilikisiweyo.EJapan, ukusetyenziswa kwe-tinplate kwiitoti zokutya kulinganiselwe kakhulu, kwaye isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iitoti zesiselo.Ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kweetoti ze-aluminium, ngakumbi emva kokuba iJapan iphakamise ukuvinjelwa kweebhotile ezincinci ze-polyethylene terephthalate (500ml okanye ngaphantsi) ngo-1996, iipleyiti ze-tin kweli lizwe zazisetyenziselwa ukwenza iitoti zokusela ikofu.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, iitoti ezininzi zesiselo sekofu eJapan zisenziwa ikakhulu nge-tinplate, kuba uninzi lweziselo zekofu eJapan ziqulethe ubisi.
Ngokubhekiselele kwiitoti ze-aluminium kunye neebhotile ze-polyethylene terephthalate zichaphazelekayo, ukhuphiswano lwabo lweemarike kwintsimi yeenkonkxa zesiselo sekofu iye yanda kakhulu.Ngokwahlukileyo, inzuzo enkulu yeetanki zetsimbi kukhuseleko: ukuhlolwa kwe-acoustic (indlela yokukhangela ukuchithwa kwezinto ngokubetha ngaphantsi kwetanki kunye nokutshintsha koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ngesandi) kusebenza kuphela kwiitanki zetsimbi, kungekhona iitanki ze-aluminium.Amandla eetanki zetsimbi anokugcina uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luphezulu kunomoya womoya.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba abavelisi bensimbi baqhubeka bexhomekeke kuphela kule nzuzo enkulu, iitoti zetsimbi ekugqibeleni ziya kutshintshwa.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba abavelisi bensimbi baphuhlise uhlobo olutsha lwezitshixo zetsimbi kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu kunezitshixo ze-aluminium, ezineempawu zokutsala abasebenzisi kwaye zikwazi ukubuyisela imarike ehlala kwiibhotile ze-polyethylene terephthalate kunye neetoti ze-aluminium.
Ukuphuhliswa kweetoti zesiselo kunye nezixhobo zabo
Uphononongo olufutshane lwembali yeetoti zesiselo kunye nezixhobo zabo.Ngo-1961, uphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwe-TFS (i-chromium plated steel sheet) kunye nefilimu ye-chromium yesinyithi kunye nefilimu ye-hydrated chromium oxide yaba sesona siganeko sichukumisayo kwintsimi yesiselo esiphundu sezinto zokuvelisa eJapan.Ngaphambi koko, nangona i-tinplate yayisisiseko seshishini lokunkonkxa laseJapan kunye netekhnoloji yezixhobo, zonke iitekhnoloji ezifanelekileyo zazilawulwa ngamazwe asentshona.Njengezona zinto zibalulekileyo zesikhongozeli, i-TFS yaphuhliswa yiJapan, kwaye iimveliso zayo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa zathunyelwa kumazwe asentshona.Uphuhliso lwe-TFS luthathele ingqalelo ukuncipha kwemithombo yetoti yehlabathi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-TFS yaziwe ngokubanzi ngelo xesha.Iitoti ezibotshelelwe ngeresin zokupakishwa okubandayo eziphuhliswe ngemathiriyeli ye-TFS zanciphisa ukuthengiswa kweetoti ze-DI kunye nephepha le-aluminium alloy elitsalwe lisuka e-United States elingeniswe eJapan ngelo xesha.Iinkonkxa zentsimbi emva koko zalawula isiselo saseJapan kwintengiso.Ukusukela ngoko, i-"Super WIMA Method" ephuhliswe nguSoudronic AG yaseSwitzerland yenze ukuba abavelisi bentsimbi baseJapan bakhuphisane nokuphuhlisa izixhobo zokuwelda iinkonkxa.
Uphuhliso lwe-TFS lubonakalise ukuba ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zobugcisa kufuneka kuxhaswe yimfuno eyomeleleyo yemarike kunye nobuchule bobugcisa.Okwangoku, akukho sisongelo esikhulu kubavelisi be-tinplate baseJapan kunokunciphisa izixhobo zetin."Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka" kufuneka kube yinkxalabo yexesha elide.Ngokubhekiselele kwizikhongozeli zokutya neziselo, amazwe aneendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-bisphenol A (BPA, isiphazamisi se-endocrine), ngelixa amanye amazwe engayiphathi kwaphela.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imilinganiselo yaseJapan “yokhuseleko nokuthembeka” ikude ngokwaneleyo.Uxanduva loshishino lwetanki kunye noshishino lwentsimbi kukubonelela ngobume bemeko-bume, izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nezikhongozeli zokonga amandla kunye nemathiriyeli yesikhongozeli.
Inokubonwa kwimbali yophuhliso lwe-tinplate ukuba kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kokuphuhliswa kwamathini amatsha kunye nezixhobo ezintsha ezifakwe.Ngokubhekiselele kwithekhnoloji, iinkonkxa zaseJapan ziye zafikelela kwinqanaba lehlabathi, elaneleyo ukuxhasa imboni yentsimbi yaseJapan ukuba iqhubeke nokuphuhlisa izinto ezintsha kunye neenkqubo, kwaye zikhuthaze kwihlabathi jikelele ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo namanye amazwe.
Iimpawu zemarike yezinto zokunkonkxa
Imarike yezinto zokunkonkxa yehlabathi inezi mpawu zilandelayo: okokuqala, imfuno yeetoti zetsimbi iyakhula;okwesibini, iinkonkxa zokutya zithatha indawo enkulu yemarike;okwesithathu, ukubonelelwa kwezixhobo zesikhongozeli kukugqithiswa (ngokukodwa eChina);okwesine, abavelisi behlabathi be-tinplate bakhuphisana ngokumalunga nexabiso kunye nomgangatho.
Ukukhula okukhawulezayo komthamo wokubonelela ngezinto zokunkonkxa zehlabathi ikakhulu kuseTshayina.Idatha efanelekileyo ibonisa ukuba ukusuka kwi-2017 ukuya kwi-2021, umthamo we-China wezinto zokwenza itanki uye wanda malunga ne-4 yezigidi zeetoni.Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-90% ye-tinplates yomgangatho ophakathi kunye nomgangatho ophantsi wenziwa ngamashiti ensimbi afakwe kudidi olubandayo.Ngokutsho kwenkcazo kwi-JIS (uMgangatho woShishino lwaseJapan) kunye neminye imigangatho eyaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe, amazwe aphuhlileyo enza i-tinplate ibe yintsimbi ye-MR, D okanye i-L (ngokweJIS G 3303) ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukubunjwa kwentsimbi, emva koko ukulungelelanisa umxholo we-non-metallic. ukufakwa ngokuhambelana nokuphela kokusetyenziswa, kunye nokulawula ngokungqongqo inkqubo ngexesha lokuqengqeleka okushushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo, i-annealing kunye ne-teering rolling, ukuze ufumane ukusebenza okufunekayo kwe-tinplate substrate.Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, i-tinplate yomgangatho ophantsi ithatha isabelo esithile semarike.
Kufuneka benze ntoni abavelisi kwixesha elizayo?
Inqanaba lobuchwephesha laseJapan kumhlaba wokunkonkxa kunye nokwenziwa kwamaphepha entsimbi ekhonteyina libonwa njengodidi lwehlabathi.Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji engqineke iyasebenza eJapan ayinakunwenwa lula kwamanye amazwe, eyona nto iphambili kwintengiso.Xa umanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe lwaba ligama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziswa eJapan, nangona ishishini lokwenza intsimbi yaseJapan liye laqhuba umanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe lwesakhiwo semizi-mveliso (esekelwe kwiziko lobuchwephesha laseJapan, izityalo zenkcenkceza zakhiwe kumazwe angaphandle), emva kokuba iteknoloji ye-TFS kwabelwane ngayo kunye namaqabane aphesheya kwe-50 iminyaka. edlulileyo, ukwandiswa kwentsebenziswano yobugcisa be-cross-border kwanqandwa ixesha elide.Ukuze iqaqambise indawo yayo kwimarike, ishishini intsimbi Japanese kufuneka globalize ubugcisa buphuhlisa kwaye ikhuthaza e China.
Kunokufundwa kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yaseJapan kulo mmandla ukuba uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji olubalulekileyo luvela kubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kwabavelisi bentsimbi kunye neenkonkxa.Xa iimveliso zetinplate zithengiselwa abasebenzisi baphesheya kweelwandle, ingqwalasela yabasebenzisi abanjalo ikwimveliso yemveliso kuphela, endaweni yonikezelo lwetinplate oluzinzileyo.Kwixesha elizayo, kubavelisi be-tinplate baseJapan, kubalulekile ukugqamisa iinzuzo zabo zemveliso ngokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo amandla okuqinisekisa abapakishi kunye neenkana.
——Nciphisa iindleko zeetoti.
IiCanners kufuneka zizixhalabise kakhulu ngeendleko zokuvelisa, ezisisiseko sokukhuphisana kwazo.Nangona kunjalo, ukukhuphisana kweendleko akufanele kuxhomekeke kuphela kwixabiso lentsimbi, kodwa kunye nemveliso, inkqubo yokuthunga kunye neendleko.
Ukutshintsha i-batch annealing ukuya kwi-annealing eqhubekayo yindlela yokunciphisa iindleko.I-Nippon Iron iphuhlise ipleyiti yenkcenkce eqhubekayo enokuthi ithathe indawo yohlobo lwentsimbi efakwe ipleyiti yetoti, kwaye yacebisa le mathiriyeli intsha kubavelisi betoti.Ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwifektri, izinga lokugatywa kweeshiti zetsimbi eziqhubekayo ziphantsi, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso wekhoyili yensimbi nganye uzinzile, ukwenzela ukuba abathengi banokufumana ukuphumelela okuphezulu kokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukusilela kwemveliso, kunye nokufezekisa imeko yokuphumelela.Okwangoku, iiodolo zemveliso ye-annealing tinplate eqhubekayo ithathe uninzi lweeodolo zokwenza intsimbi yaseJapan.
Thatha amaqhekeza amathathu etoti yokutya njengomzekelo.Kwixesha elidlulileyo, emva kokuba imveliso epholileyo (SR) enobunzima obuyi-0.20mm ~ 0.25mm yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.I-Nippon Iron icebisa ukuba ithathelwe indawo ngemveliso eyomeleleyo ebandayo yesibini (DR) enobunzima obuyi-0.20 mm okanye ngaphantsi.Ngale ndlela, ukusetyenziswa kweyunithi yezixhobo kuncitshiswa ngenxa yokwahlukana kobunzima, kwaye iindleko ziyancipha ngokufanelekileyo.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukwakheka imichiza sheet enkonkxiweyo intsimbi ilawulwa ngokungqongqo, kwaye ubukhulu bayo busondele kumda ongaphantsi wentsimbi ebandayo yoshishino, ngoko ke ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kwesibini kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ubukhulu bemveliso.
Njengoko kwamkelwa indlela yesibini yokuqengqeleka ebandayo, ubukhulu besiseko sesinyithi buncitshiswe kwakhona kwisixhobo sobushushu emva kokufakwa kwe-annealing, ngoko ke xa i-elongation iyancipha, amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo ayanda.Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza, oku kudla ngokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwe-flange kufuphi ne-welded joint, okanye i-ripples ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-can cover okanye i-piece-piece can.Ngokusekelwe kumava angaphambili, iNkampani yaseJapan yentsimbi yasombulula ezi ngxaki zingasentla ngokusebenzisa i-tinplate epholileyo ebandayo yesibini, kwaye yabonelela umsebenzisi ngamnye ngezona zinto zifanelekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetoti kunye neendlela zokuvelisa, ukuze kuncitshiswe ixabiso lokunkonkxa.
Ukomelela kokutya kunokuxhomekeka kakhulu kwimilo yayo kunye namandla ezinto eziphathekayo.Ukuze uqalise izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye noyilo olusebenzayo, i-Nippon Iron idale "i-virtual can factory" - inkqubo yokulinganisa enokuvavanya amandla eetoti zokutya ngokokutshintsha kwezinto kunye neemilo.
——Gxininisa “kukhuseleko nokuthembeka”.
Ekubeni ipleyiti ye-tin isetyenziselwa ukwenza izitya zokutya kunye neziselo, abavelisi bentsimbi banoxanduva lokubonelela ngezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo kubasebenzisi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.Isitya sensimbi ngaphandle kwe-bisphenol A yinto enjalo.IJapan Iron&Steel Co., Ltd. isoloko inikela ingqalelo kwimigaqo yehlabathi yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, kwaye izimisele ukuqhubeka nokuba ngumvelisi ohamba phambili wehlabathi wezinto ezikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo zezikhongozeli ngokuphuhlisa nokubonelela ngamashiti entsimbi esikhongozeli-friendly.
Iimpawu zentengiso kunye nemfuno yemfuno ye-nickel plated steel sheet
Nokuba idlulileyo, yangoku okanye yexesha elizayo, itanki yentsimbi lolona hlobo lwesikhongozeli lungcono.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abavelisi basebenzisane ngokusondeleyo nabasebenzisi, ngokudibeneyo balandele amandla kunye nezibonelelo zezoqoqosho, kwaye baphuhlise kwaye babonelele ngezixhobo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo.Baninzi abavelisi beshiti lentsimbi yeekhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela abanomdla wokwandisa umthamo wabo wemveliso (ingakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo).
I-nickel plated steel sheet lolunye uhlobo lwemathiriyeli yesikhongozeli eveliswe eJapan.Iigobolondo zeebhetri eziphambili (ezifana neebhetri ze-alkaline ezomileyo) kunye neebhetri zesibini (ezifana neebhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-nickel metal hydride kunye neebhetri ze-nickel cadmium) zenziwe nge-nickel plated sheet sheet.Ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi jikelele ye-nickel plated steel sheets imalunga ne-250000 yeetoni / ngonyaka, apho iipleyiti ezifakwe ngaphambili zithatha malunga nesiqingatha.Ipleyiti efakwe ngaphambili inombala ofanayo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu eJapan nakwilizwe lasentshona ukwenza iibhetri eziziiprayimari kunye ne-high capacitance secondary battery.
Ubungakanani bemarike ye-nickel plated steel sheet incinci kakhulu kune-tin plated steel sheet, kwaye inani lababoneleli lilinganiselwe.Ababoneleli abaphambili kwihlabathi yi-Tata India (ibali malunga ne-40% yesabelo semarike), i-Toyo Steel Co., Ltd. yaseJapan (ibalwa malunga ne-30%) kunye ne-Japan Iron (malunga ne-10%).
Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-nickel precoated sheet: i-nickel plated sheet kunye ne-heat diffusion sheet kunye ne-nickel coating esasazwe kwi-substrate yentsimbi emva kokufudumeza.Njengoko kungekho nyango olongezelelweyo olufunekayo ngaphandle kwe-nickel plating kunye nokufudumeza kwe-diffusion, kunzima ukuba abavelisi bahlule iimveliso zabo kwabanye abakhuphisana nabo.Njengoko imilinganiselo yangaphandle yeebhetri isemgangathweni, abavelisi beebhetri bakhuphisana ngokusebenza kwebhetri (kuxhomekeke kwikhono langaphakathi), oku kuthetha ukuba imarike idinga iiplati zetsimbi ezincinci.Ukuze kwandiswe isabelo semarike nokukhuthaza uphuhliso loshishino lwebhetri, ukwenziwa kwentsimbi yaseJapan kufuneka kuhambelane neemfuno zabavelisi beebhetri kwaye kudlale iingenelo zayo ezinamandla ekuhlanganiseni ngokuthe nkqo iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwemveliso.
Imfuno ye-nickel plated sheet sheets kwimarike yebhetri ngaphandle kweshishini lemoto ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe.Ishishini lokwenza intsimbi yaseJapan lijongene nethuba elihle lokukhokela imarike ngokuphendula ngokuchanekileyo kwiimfuno zabavelisi beebhetri.Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlulileyo, itekhnoloji yokunciphisa ubukhulu eqokelelwe nokwenziwa kwentsimbi yaseJapan kwintsimi yokwenziwa kwetinplate iyakuhlangabezana ngokufanelekileyo nemfuno yentengiso yeeshiti zentsimbi zenickel ezifakwe kwibhetri.Iqokobhe lebhetri yemoto lenziwe ikakhulu nge-aluminiyam okanye i-aluminium foil laminate kunye nefilimu yeplastiki.
Kubavelisi bensimbi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwezicelo zetsimbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-01-2022